The importance of minerals
Inorganic minerals are essential nutrients that are necessary for many bodily functions but which the body cannot produce itself. They are categorised as bulk elements (e.g. calcium, magnesium) and trace elements (e.g. iron, iodine) and perform functions such as building teeth and bones, blood formation, muscle and nerve function and regulating the water balance. Food supplements may be necessary in case of deficiency or overdose, but should be used under medical supervision, while a balanced diet ensures sufficient intake... Read more
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You can't do without minerals
Minerals are essential nutrients that the body cannot produce itself and must be supplied through food. They are categorised into bulk elements such as calcium, potassium and magnesium as well as trace elements such as iron, zinc and iodine, depending on their requirements. Minerals are essential for building bones, teeth and cells, regulating nerve functions and water balance and strengthening the immune system.
Why are minerals important?
Although minerals are not energy suppliers, they play a decisive role in the metabolism and the production of energy from fats, carbohydrates and proteins:
- Body structures: They form the essential elements for teeth, bones, hormones and blood cells.
- Nerve and muscle activity: Minerals play a role in the transmission of nerve impulses and contribute to the proper functioning of muscles.
- Hormone production: Some minerals, such as iodine, are part of hormones (e.g. thyroid hormones).
- Fluid balance: They are important for maintaining the osmotic balance and the electrolyte balance in the organism.
Differentiation according to need
- Bulk elements: The organism needs them in larger quantities (over 50 mg per kilogramme of body weight). Calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and phosphorus are examples.
- Trace elements: These are only found in small quantities in the body. There is therefore only an extremely low requirement for these substances, but these small quantities are nevertheless absolutely vital. These include iron, zinc, iodine and selenium.
Daily intake is essential!
Minerals cannot be produced by the body itself, which is why they must be supplied through food and drink. Compared to vitamins, they are relatively insensitive to heat, light and oxygen, but can pass into the cooking water during prolonged cooking.
The body excretes minerals every day and must compensate for this loss through a balanced diet.
Important examples of minerals
- Calcium: Essential for teeth and bones.
- Magnesium: Part of many metabolic processes.
- Sodium: Essential for the water balance and nerve functions.
- Potassium: Controls nerve function and fluid balance.
- Iron: Element of red blood cells and crucial for the transport of oxygen.
- Iodine: Essential for the hormones of the thyroid gland.
- Zinc: Promotes the function of the immune system and various metabolic processes. ^